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文章投資公司必須有注冊會計(jì)師嗎
2022-09-14 16:54:58 666 瀏覽

  投資公司不一定要有注冊會計(jì)師。根據(jù)會計(jì)法的規(guī)定,只有會計(jì)師事務(wù)所必須配備注冊會計(jì)師,其他企業(yè)沒有做要求。

投資公司注冊會計(jì)師

  注冊會計(jì)師一般是作為第三方進(jìn)行獨(dú)立審計(jì),一般是投資者需要注會對公司的財(cái)務(wù)經(jīng)營情況等進(jìn)行審查報告,這個是法律賦予的權(quán)力,也就是所謂的審計(jì)簽字權(quán)。

注冊會計(jì)師的工作內(nèi)容

  注冊會計(jì)師的工作內(nèi)容主要是通過自身的執(zhí)業(yè)資格以及簽字權(quán),從而接受企業(yè)的委托對企業(yè)的財(cái)務(wù)工作內(nèi)容等信息進(jìn)行審計(jì),然后出具相應(yīng)的審計(jì)報告,或接受企業(yè)的委托,為企業(yè)出具相應(yīng)的企業(yè)所得稅匯算清繳報告、資本驗(yàn)資報告等相應(yīng)的書面報告文件。

  由于注冊會計(jì)師具有較強(qiáng)的行業(yè)專業(yè)性,企業(yè)也可以委托注冊會計(jì)師作為企業(yè)的財(cái)務(wù)顧問,通過為企業(yè)的日常業(yè)務(wù)提供專業(yè)性的工作意見以及建議,從而有效管理企業(yè)內(nèi)部的財(cái)務(wù)運(yùn)行以及監(jiān)督企業(yè)內(nèi)部財(cái)務(wù)工作人員的道德規(guī)范。

注冊會計(jì)師對職業(yè)發(fā)展有哪些影響?

  1、對于財(cái)務(wù)類的公司職員來說

  在職財(cái)務(wù)人員獲得CPA證書后,可以有更多快速晉升的機(jī)會,并短期內(nèi)提高自己的職業(yè)高度。

  2、對于非財(cái)務(wù)類的公司職員來說

  獲得全科或者部分CPA考試科目后,非財(cái)務(wù)專業(yè)人士能夠跳槽到會計(jì)行業(yè),并且進(jìn)入財(cái)務(wù)行業(yè)后的職業(yè)機(jī)會以及職業(yè)起點(diǎn)比較高

  3、對于應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生來說

  對在校生求職幫助很大,可以幫助在校生獲得最好的企業(yè)青睞,以及畢業(yè)后2—3年可以快速的讓新人進(jìn)入職業(yè)發(fā)展的中層

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文章ACCA(MA)科目經(jīng)典例題訓(xùn)練,附考點(diǎn)詳解
2021-06-18 14:22:19 638 瀏覽

  在備考ACCA過程中,做題同樣也是一個必不可少的重要環(huán)節(jié),尤其對于歷年的真題考生一定要做到舉一反三,下面會計(jì)網(wǎng)給大家?guī)黻P(guān)于MA科目幾道經(jīng)典例題,并針對相關(guān)高頻考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)講解。

ACCA(MA)科目經(jīng)典例題訓(xùn)練

  第一題

  A company has the following budgeted costs and revenues:($ per unit)

  Sales price 50

  Variable production cost 18

  Fixed production cost 10

  In the most recent period, 2,000 units were produced and 1,000 units were sold. Actual sales price, variable production cost per unit and total fixed production costs were all as budgeted. Fixed production costs were over-absorbed by $4,000. There was no opening inventory for the period.

  What would be the reduction in profit for the period if the company has used marginal costing rather than absorption costing?

  A. 4,000

  B. 6,000

  C. 10,000

  D. 14,000

  答案:C

  解析:考察AC和MC下利潤調(diào)整公式AC=MC+OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory); Opening inventory + Production-Sales = Closing inventory;

  得出Closing inventory- Opening inventory= Production-Sales=2000-1000=1000;最終AC-MC= OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory)=10*1000=10000。MC= AC-OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory)=26000-10*1000=16000

  第二題

  The following data relates to a company’s overhead cost.

ACCA(MA)科目經(jīng)典例題訓(xùn)練

  Using the high low technique, what is the variable cost per unit (to the nearest $ 0.01) expressed in current year price?

  A. $3.22

  B. $4.13

  C. $4.65

  D. $5.06

  答案:B

  解析:將兩年前的Overhead costs調(diào)整到現(xiàn)在的價格水平下,即=3700*(155/121)=4739.67。高低點(diǎn)求出y=a+bx中的b,即=(13000-4739.67)/(3000-1000)=4.13

  第三題

  An investment centre earns a return on investment of 18% and a residual income of $300000. The cost of capital is 15%. A new project offers a return on capital employed of 17%.

  If the new project were adopted, what would happen to the investment centre’s return on investment and residual income?

  Return on investment Residual income

  A Increase Decrease

  B Increase Decrease

  C Decrease Decrease

  D Decrease Increase

  答案:D

  解析:新項(xiàng)目的ROCE 17%<投資中心的ROCE 18%,則投資新項(xiàng)目會造成投資中心部門整體ROCE的下降;但新項(xiàng)目的ROCE 17%>The cost of capital 15%;RI=Controllable profit-Controllable interest=Capital employed*17%- Capital employed*15%>0;則投資新項(xiàng)目會造成投資中心部門整體RI的上升。

  第四題

  A company calculates the following under a standard absorption costing system.

  (i) The sales volume margin variance

  (ii) The total fixed overhead variance

  (iii) The total variable overhead variance

  If a company changed to a standard marginal costing system, which variances could change in value?

  A. (i) only

  B. (ii) only

  C. (i) and (ii) only

  D. (i), (ii) and (iii)

  答案:C

  解析:(i)在AC下是Sales volume profit variance,在MC下是Sales volume contribution variance;(ii)在AC下是等于Fixed OH expenditure variance加上Fixed OH volume variance,在MC下只有Fixed OH expenditure variance。

  來源:ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫

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文章ACCA(MA)科目經(jīng)典考題練習(xí),附答案解析
2021-06-01 14:46:23 1125 瀏覽

  在ACCA考試當(dāng)中,MA科目有不少計(jì)算考題會難倒很多考生,對此會計(jì)網(wǎng)今天為大家?guī)碛嘘P(guān)MA科目幾道經(jīng)典考題,各位考生在作答完后可以看看答案解析進(jìn)行加以理解。

ACCA(MA)科目經(jīng)典考題練習(xí)

  第一題

  A company has the following budgeted costs and revenues:($ per unit)

  Sales price 50

  Variable production cost 18

  Fixed production cost 10

  In the most recent period, 2,000 units were produced and 1,000 units were sold. Actual sales price, variable production cost per unit and total fixed production costs were all as budgeted. Fixed production costs were over-absorbed by $4,000. There was no opening inventory for the period.

  What would be the reduction in profit for the period if the company has used marginal costing rather than absorption costing?

  A. 4,000

  B. 6,000

  C. 10,000

  D. 14,000

  答案:C

  解析:考察AC和MC下利潤調(diào)整公式AC=MC+OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory); Opening inventory + Production-Sales = Closing inventory;

  得出Closing inventory- Opening inventory= Production-Sales=2000-1000=1000;最終AC-MC= OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory)=10*1000=10000。MC= AC-OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory)=26000-10*1000=16000

  第二題

  The following data relates to a company’s overhead cost.

ACCA(MA)科目經(jīng)典考題練習(xí)

  Using the high low technique, what is the variable cost per unit (to the nearest $ 0.01) expressed in current year price?

  A. $3.22

  B. $4.13

  C. $4.65

  D. $5.06

  答案:B

  解析:將兩年前的Overhead costs調(diào)整到現(xiàn)在的價格水平下,即=3700*(155/121)=4739.67。高低點(diǎn)求出y=a+bx中的b,即=(13000-4739.67)/(3000-1000)=4.13

  第三題

  An investment centre earns a return on investment of 18% and a residual income of $300000. The cost of capital is 15%. A new project offers a return on capital employed of 17%.

  If the new project were adopted, what would happen to the investment centre’s return on investment and residual income?

  Return on investment Residual income

  A Increase Decrease

  B Increase Decrease

  C Decrease Decrease

  D Decrease Increase

  答案:D

  解析:新項(xiàng)目的ROCE 17%<投資中心的ROCE 18%,則投資新項(xiàng)目會造成投資中心部門整體ROCE的下降;但新項(xiàng)目的ROCE 17%>The cost of capital 15%;RI=Controllable profit-Controllable interest=Capital employed*17%- Capital employed*15%>0;則投資新項(xiàng)目會造成投資中心部門整體RI的上升。

  第四題

  A company calculates the following under a standard absorption costing system.

  (i) The sales volume margin variance

  (ii) The total fixed overhead variance

  (iii) The total variable overhead variance

  If a company changed to a standard marginal costing system, which variances could change in value?

  A. (i) only

  B. (ii) only

  C. (i) and (ii) only

  D. (i), (ii) and (iii)

  答案:C

  解析:(i)在AC下是Sales volume profit variance,在MC下是Sales volume contribution variance;(ii)在AC下是等于Fixed OH expenditure variance加上Fixed OH volume variance,在MC下只有Fixed OH expenditure variance。

  來源:ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫

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文章金融防風(fēng)險加碼 多項(xiàng)監(jiān)管法規(guī)醞釀出臺
2019-11-14 10:54:45 719 瀏覽

近日,中央多部門針對金融風(fēng)險防控密集籌劃,敲定重點(diǎn)監(jiān)管領(lǐng)域,規(guī)劃下一步政策措施。根據(jù)目前透露出的政策信號,為了防范金融風(fēng)險,處置非法集資條例、非存款類放貸組織條例、私募投資基金管理暫行條例等一系列法規(guī)有望在2019年內(nèi)落地,其中處置非法集資條例將力爭盡快頒布實(shí)施。

sheying0347.jpg

業(yè)內(nèi)人士表示,注重在穩(wěn)增長的基礎(chǔ)上防風(fēng)險,使金融更好服務(wù)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì),將是今后一段時間宏觀政策的工作重點(diǎn)。為了守住風(fēng)險底線,下一步將進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)齊監(jiān)管制度短板,針對重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域風(fēng)險進(jìn)行精準(zhǔn)處置。

過去的一年,多個監(jiān)管部門將防控金融風(fēng)險作為重點(diǎn)工作,隨著各項(xiàng)工作的推進(jìn),已暴露的風(fēng)險正有序處置,各種金融亂象得到有效遏制。2019年以來,防控金融風(fēng)險仍是重中之重。多部門最近針對金融風(fēng)險防控展開密集籌劃。

國務(wù)院辦公廳近日發(fā)布的《關(guān)于印發(fā)國務(wù)院2019年立法工作計(jì)劃的通知》顯示,圍繞打好三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn),將加快推進(jìn)相關(guān)行政立法項(xiàng)目。其中針對防控金融風(fēng)險,將提請全國人大常委會審議制定非存款類放貸組織條例、處置非法集資條例、私募投資基金管理暫行條例,修訂外資銀行管理?xiàng)l例。

央行近日發(fā)布的《2019年第一季度中國貨幣政策執(zhí)行報告》也提出,下一階段,要打好防范化解重大金融風(fēng)險攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn),強(qiáng)化金融機(jī)構(gòu)防范風(fēng)險的主體責(zé)任,防范金融市場異常波動風(fēng)險。

中國人民大學(xué)重陽金融研究院副院長董希淼在接受《經(jīng)濟(jì)參考報》記者采訪時表示,當(dāng)前,金融監(jiān)管領(lǐng)域還存在立法層次較低的問題。很多金融相關(guān)的規(guī)章制度停留在部門規(guī)章層級,法律效力不夠,亟須提升法律層次,才能更好發(fā)揮作用?!袄玑槍Ψ欠Y,當(dāng)前更多是部門性臨時性的規(guī)范文件,而出臺統(tǒng)一的處置條例,能更全面系統(tǒng)地作出規(guī)范,也能更具有權(quán)威性和威懾力?!倍m嫡f。

關(guān)于處置非法集資條例,《經(jīng)濟(jì)參考報》記者此前曾獨(dú)家獲悉,銀保監(jiān)會正推動盡快出臺,力爭今年上半年頒布實(shí)施。為摸清風(fēng)險底數(shù),銀保監(jiān)會于4月初啟動了為期三個月的全國非法集資風(fēng)險排查整治活動。銀保監(jiān)會相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人對記者表示,將配合研究非法集資入刑標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、罪名適用、追贓挽損、涉案財(cái)物處置等共性難點(diǎn)問題,進(jìn)一步完善刑事法律規(guī)定。

另外,非存款類放貸組織條例也有望加速落地。董希淼表示,近年來,小額貸款公司以及各種投資公司、擔(dān)保公司等發(fā)展迅速,在增加金融供給、豐富社會融資渠道等方面發(fā)揮了積極作用。但這些組織法律地位不清晰、內(nèi)部管理薄弱,在經(jīng)營發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)了如非法吸收存款、集資詐騙、放高利貸、暴力催債等問題,影響了社會穩(wěn)定。從監(jiān)管上看,也存在多頭管理、職責(zé)不清等問題。在這種形勢下,出臺條例加強(qiáng)管理,勢在必行。在他看來,條例應(yīng)構(gòu)建非存款類放貸組織的內(nèi)控框架,界定非存款類放貸組織的監(jiān)管職責(zé),還應(yīng)建立相應(yīng)的退出機(jī)制。

中國社會科學(xué)院金融研究所法與金融研究室副主任尹振濤表示,目前正醞釀出臺的非存款類放貸組織條例、處置非法集資條例、私募投資基金管理暫行條例等法規(guī),圍繞的都是當(dāng)前風(fēng)險較為集中的民間金融、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融等涉眾性、傳染性強(qiáng)的領(lǐng)域。通過立法先行、逐個擊破、逐個解決的方式,有利于將系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險進(jìn)一步降低。

多位業(yè)內(nèi)專家表示,為了守住風(fēng)險底線,下一步,監(jiān)管層將一面補(bǔ)齊監(jiān)管制度短板,一面針對重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域風(fēng)險進(jìn)行精準(zhǔn)處置。

銀保監(jiān)會近日表示,為打好防范化解金融風(fēng)險攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn),2019年要持續(xù)推動重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域問題整治。銀行機(jī)構(gòu)從股權(quán)與公司治理、宏觀政策執(zhí)行、信貸管理、影子銀行和交叉金融業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險、重點(diǎn)風(fēng)險處置等五個方面開展整治;非銀行領(lǐng)域各類機(jī)構(gòu)按照相關(guān)要點(diǎn)開展整治,突出處罰和問責(zé),下大力氣解決違規(guī)成本過低的問題。

此外,專家還表示,注重在穩(wěn)增長的基礎(chǔ)上防風(fēng)險,使金融更好服務(wù)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì),將是今后一段時間宏觀政策的工作重點(diǎn)。

人民銀行日前召開的2019年金融穩(wěn)定工作會議指出,要堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào),平衡好穩(wěn)增長和防風(fēng)險的關(guān)系。國家金融與發(fā)展實(shí)驗(yàn)室副主任曾剛表示,隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)金融風(fēng)險特點(diǎn)發(fā)生變化,宏觀政策調(diào)控重心也有所調(diào)整。過去兩年,金融監(jiān)管政策不斷強(qiáng)化,宏觀杠桿率逐漸企穩(wěn),杠桿結(jié)構(gòu)有所優(yōu)化,金融風(fēng)險防控取得了顯著成績,進(jìn)一步緊縮杠桿的必要性也隨之降低。長期來看,金融風(fēng)險還要繼續(xù)防范,存量風(fēng)險還需進(jìn)一步化解,但在當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)面臨下行壓力、外部不確定性疊加的背景下,引導(dǎo)金融對實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)更大力度的支持被擺在更突出的位置。

本文來源:經(jīng)濟(jì)參考報

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文章cfa認(rèn)可的工作有哪些
2022-09-16 11:55:42 481 瀏覽

  CFA協(xié)會認(rèn)可的工作主要包括保險精算師、財(cái)經(jīng)編輯、財(cái)經(jīng)發(fā)行人、軟件開發(fā)人員、財(cái)務(wù)規(guī)劃師、財(cái)務(wù)主管、風(fēng)險投資分析師等,主要是有從中直接參與投資決策過程或者為投資決策過程提供支持等的相關(guān)工作都是被cfa認(rèn)可的。

cfa考試

CFA認(rèn)可的具體工作

  CFA認(rèn)可的工作具體有包括:

  1、保險精算師(Actuary)

  2、財(cái)經(jīng)編輯/記者(Financial Editor/Reporter)

  3、財(cái)經(jīng)發(fā)行人(FinancialPublisher)

  4、產(chǎn)品/軟件開發(fā)人員(與投資相關(guān)的產(chǎn)品/服務(wù))[Product/Software Developer(ofinvestment-related products/services)]

  5、財(cái)務(wù)規(guī)劃師(FinancialPlanner)

  6、財(cái)務(wù)主管(Director ofFinance)

  7、定量投資分析員/風(fēng)險分析員(Quantitative Investment or Risk Analyst)

  8、房地產(chǎn)投資經(jīng)紀(jì)(Real EstateInvestment Manager)

  9、風(fēng)險投資分析師(VentureCapital Analyst)

  10、管理咨詢顧問(除人事類)[Management Consultant(excluding personnel)]

  11、股票經(jīng)紀(jì)/證券經(jīng)紀(jì)人(Stockbroker/Registered Representative)

  12、共同基金管理人(Director of Mutual Funds)

  13、共同基金銷售/培訓(xùn)人員(Mutual Fund Sales/Trainer)

  14、公司財(cái)務(wù)分析師(Corporate Finance Analyst)

  15、公司財(cái)務(wù)顧問(Corporate Finance Consultant)

  16、公司(非公開募股)估價師(Valuator of Closely Held Business)

  17、公司管理者[Corporate Controller(not finance/not investment)]

  18、公司首席財(cái)政官(CFO)

  19、合規(guī)分析師/主任(Compliance Analyst/Officer)

  20、機(jī)構(gòu)銷售人員(Institutional Sales Professional)

  21、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(應(yīng)用于投資決策的)人士[(Economist(involvedin investment decision-making process)]

  22、金融衍生品分析師(Derivatives Analyst)

  23、教授/講師(投資、金融、經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域)[(investment,finance,and economics)]

  24、教授/講師(非金融工商管理領(lǐng)域)[Professor/Instructor(non-financial business administration)]

  25、客戶服務(wù)代表/客戶關(guān)系經(jīng)理(Client Service Representative orRelationship Manager)

  26、會計(jì)師(Accountant)

  27、M&A(并購)評估師(Valuator of Mergers/Acquisitions)

  28、期權(quán)/期貨/商品期貨(Options/Futures/CommoditiesAnalyst)

  29、企業(yè)價值評估師(Business Appraiser)

  30、企業(yè)/政府行政官(非金融/費(fèi)投資)[Corporate/GovernmentExecutive(not finance/not investment)]

  31、投資分析師(Investment Strategist)

  32、投資顧問(Investment Consultant)

  33、投資公司監(jiān)管/監(jiān)督人(Regulator/Supervisor of Investment Firm)

  34、投資經(jīng)理選聘顧問或投資政策顧問(Consultant on Investment Manager Selection/Investment Policy)

  35、投資績效評估師(Portfolio Performance uator)

  36、投資銷售(顧問式)[Investment Consultant(Consultative)]

  37、投資銀行分析員(Investment Banking Analyst)

  38、投資銀行行政管理人(Internal Manager of Investment Firm

  39、投資組合管理者(Portfolio Administrator)

  40、投資組合經(jīng)理(Portfolio Manager)

  41、投資者關(guān)系(Investor Relations)

  42、投資戰(zhàn)略制定者(Investment Strategy Formulator

  43、審計(jì)(Auditor)

  44、私人投資顧問(Private Client Investment Advisor)

  45、信貸分析(Credit Analyst)

  46、銀行融資(企業(yè))主任(Bank Lending Officer:Corporate)

  47、銀行監(jiān)察員(Bank Examiner)

  48、營銷(投資管理服務(wù),基金,證券等)人員[Marketer(of investment management services,funds,securities,etc.)]

  49、證券承銷商(Securities Underwriter)

  50、證券交易員(Securities Trader)

  51、證券監(jiān)管人員(Securities Regulator)

  52、證券投資分析師(Securities andInvestment Analyst)

  53、公司行政規(guī)劃員(Internal Corporate PlanningAnalyst)。

cfa工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)描述

  考生申請cfa證書時,需要相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),對工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)描述時,需要注意的有:

  1、考生需要保留申請材料的備份,以便在申請材料提交至協(xié)會前可及時更新;

  2、考生需要提交的工作崗位名稱是協(xié)會認(rèn)可的;

  3、在提交協(xié)會認(rèn)可的工作職位時,考生需要寫明職責(zé)范圍;

  4、考生需要提交所負(fù)責(zé)的工作職位的具體工作細(xì)節(jié)。

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文章資金存入監(jiān)管賬戶如何做賬務(wù)處理?
2021-05-31 21:52:44 2828 瀏覽

  一般情況下,我國的對公賬戶分為四類:基本賬戶、一般賬戶、臨時賬戶及專用賬戶。企業(yè)在生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營的過程中,不可避免的會出現(xiàn)需要將款項(xiàng)資金存入監(jiān)管賬戶的情況,相應(yīng)的賬務(wù)處理怎么做?

資金存入監(jiān)管賬戶做賬

  資金入監(jiān)管賬戶的會計(jì)分錄

  如是公司的法人代表,將現(xiàn)金存入公司的對公賬戶,一般來講屬于個人借款給公司的行為。相關(guān)的會計(jì)分錄如下:

  借:銀行存款

    貸:其他應(yīng)付款——個人姓名

  企業(yè)在發(fā)生相應(yīng)的業(yè)務(wù)行為時,

  借:銷售費(fèi)用/管理費(fèi)用

    貸:銀行存款

  企業(yè)在進(jìn)行償還該相應(yīng)的款項(xiàng)時,

  借:其他應(yīng)付款——個人姓名

    貸:銀行存款或庫存現(xiàn)金

  企業(yè)如果按照相應(yīng)存儲現(xiàn)金進(jìn)行賬務(wù)處理時,

  借:銀行存款

    貸:庫存現(xiàn)金

  一般情況下,企業(yè)將現(xiàn)金存入銀行時,

  借:庫存現(xiàn)金

    貸:銀行存款

  因?yàn)殂y行收到了錢,因?yàn)殂y行要付給對方存折或卡,存折或卡上有銀行存款,

  借:庫存現(xiàn)金

    貸:銀行存款

  什么是銀行存款?

  銀行存款是儲存在銀行的款項(xiàng),是貨幣資金的組成部分。根據(jù)我國現(xiàn)金管理制度的規(guī)定,每一企業(yè)都必須在中國人民銀行或?qū)I(yè)銀行開立存款戶,辦理存款、取款和轉(zhuǎn)賬結(jié)算。

  庫存現(xiàn)金是什么?

  庫存現(xiàn)金是指存放于企業(yè)財(cái)會部門、由出納人員經(jīng)管的貨幣。庫存現(xiàn)金是企業(yè)流動性最強(qiáng)的資產(chǎn),企業(yè)應(yīng)當(dāng)嚴(yán)格遵守國家有關(guān)現(xiàn)金管理制度,正確進(jìn)行現(xiàn)金收支的核算,監(jiān)督現(xiàn)金使用的合法性與合理性。

  其他應(yīng)付款是什么?

  其他應(yīng)付款是指企業(yè)在商品交易業(yè)務(wù)以外發(fā)生的應(yīng)付和暫收款項(xiàng),具體包括應(yīng)付經(jīng)營租入固定資產(chǎn)和包裝物租金;職工未按期領(lǐng)取的工資;存入保證金(如收入包裝物押金等)等方面的內(nèi)容。

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文章企業(yè)發(fā)放工資的代發(fā)代扣賬戶怎么監(jiān)管?
2020-10-05 10:45:48 1185 瀏覽

現(xiàn)在很多企業(yè)都與各大銀行有合作,每個月員工的工資都是代發(fā)代扣的,那么企業(yè)對于代發(fā)代扣工資的賬戶應(yīng)該怎么監(jiān)管呢?和會計(jì)網(wǎng)一起來學(xué)習(xí)一下吧!

企業(yè)如何監(jiān)管代發(fā)代發(fā)工資賬戶?

企業(yè)怎么監(jiān)管代發(fā)代扣工資的賬戶?

1、持公司的介紹信可以直接去銀行辦理;

2、需要提供以下資料:法人及經(jīng)辦人身份證、公司營業(yè)執(zhí)照、工資單(第一次需提供名單上的身份證復(fù)印件)名冊、預(yù)留印鑒章;

3、與銀行柜臺簽一份代發(fā)工資的協(xié)議,一般建議在公司的基本戶辦理;

4、銀行公對私代發(fā)收入一般是指銀行代公司發(fā)放的工資、獎金、福利之類的;

隨著銀行企業(yè)網(wǎng)上銀行系統(tǒng)功能的不斷升級,企業(yè)網(wǎng)銀的功能已經(jīng)擴(kuò)展到支付結(jié)算、代發(fā)代扣、外匯結(jié)算、現(xiàn)金管理等各項(xiàng)企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)應(yīng)用,全面解決了企業(yè)與銀行間的信息交互,成為功能強(qiáng)大的一體化企業(yè)網(wǎng)上金融服務(wù)平臺。

銀行代扣代發(fā)工資應(yīng)該怎么做賬?

借:應(yīng)付職工薪酬——工資

借:其他應(yīng)付款——社保

貸:銀行存款

貸:應(yīng)交稅費(fèi)——應(yīng)交個人所得稅

代發(fā)工資是金融機(jī)構(gòu)為機(jī)關(guān)企事業(yè)單位員工代發(fā)勞動報酬等款項(xiàng)的一項(xiàng)金融中間業(yè)務(wù)。金融機(jī)構(gòu)通過自身聯(lián)網(wǎng)的核心業(yè)務(wù)處理系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行批量、集中支付,將有關(guān)工資等款項(xiàng)自動轉(zhuǎn)入儲戶預(yù)先約定的銀行卡或個人結(jié)算賬戶上,代理企、事業(yè)單位發(fā)放工資,還可代理社會保險局發(fā)放社會福利保險金等。

以上就是有關(guān)代發(fā)代扣的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,希望能夠幫助大家,想了解更多會計(jì)知識,請多多關(guān)注會計(jì)網(wǎng)!

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文章公司股權(quán)發(fā)生變更,被投資公司是否需要代扣代繳個稅?
2020-08-06 20:26:26 939 瀏覽

  公司四名自然人股東(境內(nèi)居民)將股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓給另外一個公司股東,他們的股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓個稅由他們自行申報還是由公司代為申報?股權(quán)變更后,公司該如何做財(cái)稅處理?

股權(quán)變更

  答:企業(yè)股東發(fā)生股權(quán)交易,交易的雙方是股東和購買方,該業(yè)務(wù)中被投資公司并不是交易的一方,而是被交易的對象。

  根據(jù)《個人所得稅法》第九條的規(guī)定,個人所得稅以所得人為納稅人,以支付所得的單位或者個人為扣繳義務(wù)人。

  對于公司原股東出讓了股權(quán),購買方會接受股權(quán)變成新股東,這只是公司股東身份的變化,屬于實(shí)收資本內(nèi)部的變化。

  所以,對方公司支付了股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓的對價,該公司負(fù)有對四名自然人股東代扣代繳個人所得稅的義務(wù),該個稅不需要由公司申報。股權(quán)變更后,財(cái)務(wù)上做股東身份的變更即可。

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文章Finance for Non-financial Executives
2023-08-31 16:43:27 353 瀏覽

課程背景

  CFO EVA,LIFO,FIFO,do these professional terms of accounting and finance still seem like a foreign language to you?Can you eliminate the mystery behind the numbers of the financial statements?Or,how would you utilize those financial concepts to become a greater asset to your company?

  As a business executive,you experience the tide of global change in ways few others do.And you know that to manage this tide,which will only intensify in the years ahead,you need a foundation that is at once timeless and flexible.Higher position means greater responsibility where understanding and talking the language of finance becomes a significant part of the job,executives at all levels need to be adequately equipped.

Finance for \nNon-financial Executives

  Finance and Accounting for the Non-Financial Manager teaches the basics of financial reports,as well as the fundamentals of business valuation and the creation of shareholder value.The course begins by describing the accounting process and the creation of financial statement,meanwhile,reveals the company’s operation and finance truth behind the data.Once knowing how to read financial statements will be invaluable throughout your career,in analyzing business opportunities,assessing financial risks,communicating your ideas to others,and dealing with the real business situations.

課程收益

  Breakthrough the language of finance

  Understanding the basic accounting model and its limitations

  Analyzing and interpreting financial statements within the context of industry analysis and macroeconomic fundamentals

  Mastering forecasting techniques

  Providing rigorous tools and approaches to measure the effectiveness of your expenditures

  Clarifying financial statements and their relationship to strategic decisions

  Communicating more effectively with financial managers and accountants

  Understanding different valuation techniques and respective benchmarks

課程對象

  General Managers,Directors,Experienced Managers

  Vice President and Top Executives in all respective

  Business Managers,Department Heads&Managers

  Sales&Marketing Managers

  Accountants,Corporate Treasury Managers

  Investment Professionals

  Any staff with a non-financial background looking to learn the fundamentals of finance

課程大綱

Finance Fundamental

Management Application

  -Introduction to the Course

  -The role of the finance function

  -Working with the finance teams

  -How companies succeed on finance?

  -Accounting InformationThe Language of Business

  -What is financial accounting?

  -Why Financial Accounting is necessary?

  -Some process,terminology and concepts

  -Learn how financial data is generated and reported

  -Users and interpretation of Financial Statements

  -Managers and Financial Statements

  -The concept of shareholder value

  -Demystifying Financial Statements

  -Components of Financial Reports:balance sheet and P&L

  -Use financial data to evaluate the performance of department,organization,or division

  -Understand how accountants measure income,and show how it is related to a balance sheet

  -Cost of goods sold

  -The accrual concept and timing adjustments

  -Financial statements:graphical balance sheet simulation

  -Revisit the Income Statement and Balance sheet in a financial perspective

  -Cash Flow Statement,Distinguishing income from cash flow

  -The shortcomings of accounting

  -Implications of Revenue Recognition

  -Know effects of fair value measurement on financial statement

  -Analysis of Financial StatementWhere do you find useful information?

  -Qualitative Characteristics of financial Information

  -Locate and use sources of information about business performance

  -How accounting information assists in decision making

  -Linking decisions to financial metrics

  -How to increase ROCE

  -Profitability ratios

  -Economic Value Added(EVA TM)

  -Financial Decision Making

  -Profitability,liquidity ratios

  -Managing working capital

  -Financial Leverage

  -Debt ratios

  -Measuring business risk

  -Cash management

  -Study of the Annual Report of a Listed Company

  -Case:analyzing and interpreting a listed companys annual report

  -Accounting Creates Value

  -Functions of management accounting

  -Management accounting compared to financial accounting

  -How the use of cost information defines its focus and form

  -Break-even analysis:ensuring fixed costs are covered

  -The costing principles and avoiding costing traps

  -The difference between traditional cost management systems and activity-based cost management systems

 

  -Budgeting and Forecasting:A Must in Pricing Effectively for Profit.Selecting the Best Costing Method and the Relevant Practical Pricing Theory

  -Budgeting and Forecasting:Two sides of the same process

  -Understanding the different steps involved in the process

  -How to minimize the risks in assessing the hypothesis underlying the performance

  -The cost information for pricing and product planning

  -Cost based pricing:a value-added approach

  -Customers:an outside in pricing

  -Competitors:predict their price

  -How to price effectively for profit,evaluating pricing methods

  -Case Study

  -Capital Investment Decision:Cash is King!

  -Cash flow forecasts as a planning tool

  -EBITDA,free cash flows

  -The analysis of return of capital employed,payback period,and discounted cash flow

  -Establishing cash flow forecasts

  -Calculating Net Present Values,IRR

  -Company Valuation:Risk and Corporate Characteristics

  -The fundamental tools of investment appraisal

  -The cost of capital and WACC,and how these are determined

  -The sensitivity analysis:how sensitive are key decision to potential changes in circumstances

  -Approaches to valuation

  -Capital Markets,Investment Banking and Financial Instruments:How to Face Your Long-term Financing Issues and More?

  -An introduction to capital markets

  -Different forms of financing(long term,short term)

  -Debt versus Equity

  -Gearing and beta factors

  -Capital Asset Pricing Models

  -Tax shields

  -Investing in China through Mergers or Acquisitions:Financial Business Practices and Managing the Related Risks

  -An Overview of the M&A market in China

  -Understanding the valuation gap between sellers and buyers

  -Understanding the structuring gap by the buyer

  -Understanding the negotiation gap between sellers and buyers

  -Understanding the execution gap

  -Understanding the challenges of the integration gap

  -Taking into account the Human dimension of any merger or acquisition

想了解最新詳細(xì)課程大綱及資料,點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)頁左側(cè)的在線咨詢圖標(biāo),與在線老師交流咨詢領(lǐng)取。

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文章cfa工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)有什么要求?點(diǎn)擊查看完整cfa持證要求!
2023-12-26 14:12:43 581 瀏覽

  cfa工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求:具備符合要求的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn):申請持證需要最少在36個月內(nèi)獲得至少4,000小時的相關(guān)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),可以是全職、兼職、自由職業(yè)或者實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)??梢栽趨⒓觕fa考試之前、之中和之后完成都可以。需要保證這些工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)與投資決策相關(guān)。

cfa工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)有什么要求

(點(diǎn)擊咨詢,專業(yè)老師1V1指導(dǎo))

cfa持證要求

  1、通過三個級別的cfa考試

  2、具備符合要求的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn):申請持證需要最少在36個月內(nèi)獲得至少4,000小時的相關(guān)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),可以是全職、兼職、自由職業(yè)或者實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)??梢栽趨⒓觕fa考試之前、之中和之后完成都可以。需要保證這些工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)與投資決策相關(guān)。

  3、提供兩位或三位推薦人:如果推薦人中有一位持有申請加入的cfa持證人地方協(xié)會的有效會員身份,申請人提供兩位推薦人的信息即可。非此情況則需要提供三位推薦人的信息。

  4、完成并提交持證申請

  超實(shí)用CFA備考資料包,助你順利拿下CFA證書,點(diǎn)擊下方免費(fèi)下載海量學(xué)習(xí)資料,現(xiàn)在領(lǐng)取,下一位CFA持證人就是你!

cfa認(rèn)可的部分工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)崗位

  1:保險精算師(Actuary)

  2:財(cái)經(jīng)編輯/記者(Financial Editor/Reporter)

  3:財(cái)經(jīng)發(fā)行人(Financial Publisher)

  4:產(chǎn)品/軟件開發(fā)人員(與投資相關(guān)的產(chǎn)品/服務(wù))[Product/Software Developer(of investment-related products/services)]

  5:財(cái)務(wù)規(guī)劃師(Financial Planner)

  6:財(cái)務(wù)主管(Director of Finance)

  7:定量投資分析員/風(fēng)險分析員(Quantitative Investment or Risk Analyst)

  8:房地產(chǎn)投資經(jīng)紀(jì)(Real Estate Investment Manager)

  9:風(fēng)險投資分析師(Venture Capital Analyst)

  10:管理咨詢顧問(除人事類)[Management Consultant(excluding personnel)]

  11:股票經(jīng)紀(jì)/證券經(jīng)紀(jì)人(Stockbroker/Registered Representative)

  12:共同基金管理人(Director of Mutual Funds)

  13:共同基金銷售/培訓(xùn)人員(Mutual Fund Sales/Trainer)

  14:公司財(cái)務(wù)分析師(Corporate Finance Analyst)

  15:公司財(cái)務(wù)顧問(Corporate Finance Consultant)

  16:公司(非公開募股)估價師(Valuator of Closely Held Business)

  17:公司管理者[Corporate Controller(not finance/notinvestment)]

  18:公司首席財(cái)政官(CFO)

  19:公司行政規(guī)劃員(Internal Corporate Planning Analyst)

  20:合規(guī)分析師/主任(Compliance Analyst/Officer)

  21:機(jī)構(gòu)銷售人員(Institutional Sales Professional)

  22:經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(應(yīng)用于投資決策的)人士[(Economist(involved in investment decision-making process)]

  23:金融衍生品分析師(Derivatives Analyst)

  24:教授/講師(投資、金融、經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域)[(investment,finance,and economics)]

  25:教授/講師(非金融工商管理領(lǐng)域)[Professor/Instructor(non-financial business administration)]

  26:客戶服務(wù)代表/客戶關(guān)系經(jīng)理(Client Service Representative or Relationship Manager)

  27:會計(jì)師(Accountant)

  28:M&A(并購)評估師(Valuator of Mergers/Acquisitions)

  29:期權(quán)/期貨/商品期貨(Options/Futures/Commodities Analyst)

  30:企業(yè)價值評估師(Business Appraiser)

  31:企業(yè)/政府行政官(非金融/費(fèi)投資)[Corporate/Government Executive(not finance/not investment)]

  32:投資分析師(Investment Strategist)

  33:投資顧問(Investment Consultant)

  34:投資公司監(jiān)管/監(jiān)督人(Regulator/Supervisor of Investment Firm)

  35:投資經(jīng)理選聘顧問或投資政策顧問(Consultant on Investment Manager Selection/Investment Policy)

  36:投資績效評估師(Portfolio Performance uator)

  37:投資銷售(顧問式)[Investment Consultant(Consultative)]

  38:投資銀行分析員(Investment Banking Analyst)

  39:投資銀行行政管理人(Internal Manager of Investment Firm)

  40:投資組合管理者(Portfolio Administrator)

  41:投資組合經(jīng)理(Portfolio Manager)

  42:投資者關(guān)系(Investor Relations)

  43:投資戰(zhàn)略制定者(Investment Strategy Formulator)

  44:審計(jì)(Auditor)

  45:私人投資顧問(Private Client Investment Advisor)

  46:信貸分析(Credit Analyst)

  47:銀行融資(企業(yè))主任(Bank Lending Officer:Corporate)

  48:銀行監(jiān)察員(Bank Examiner)

  49:營銷(投資管理服務(wù),基金,證券等)人員[Marketer(of investment management services,funds,securities,etc.)]

  50:證券承銷商(Securities Underwriter)

  51:證券交易員(Securities Trader)

  52:證券監(jiān)管人員(Securities Regulator)

  53:證券投資分析師(Securities and Investment Analyst

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文章cfa一級知識點(diǎn):監(jiān)管者的職責(zé)
2022-09-17 00:31:54 326 瀏覽

  《職業(yè)倫理道德》科目在cfa一級考試中,所占比重為15%-20%,其中“監(jiān)管者的職責(zé)”這一考點(diǎn),考生需要重點(diǎn)掌握,下面會計(jì)網(wǎng)將介紹該考點(diǎn)的要點(diǎn)內(nèi)容以及考查方式。

cfa一級知識點(diǎn)

監(jiān)管者的職責(zé)的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)

  1.Promotion & Delegating Supervision Duties

 ?、俟蛦T很多的公司,supervisor 可以授權(quán)下屬監(jiān)管員工,不過需要教育下屬如何進(jìn)行監(jiān)管;雇員違反,supervisor 不可以免責(zé);

 ?、诮邮芄芾砺氊?zé)或者晉升時,如果公司制度不完善則不能接受職責(zé),直到相關(guān)制度完善才可接受。

  2.System for Supervision

 ?、俳⒊浞趾侠淼谋O(jiān)管合規(guī)制度:Supervisor 應(yīng)盡力促使公司建立充分合理的合規(guī)制度,合規(guī)制度要符合法律、道德及公司要求,至少達(dá)到行業(yè)最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn);

  ②確保制度執(zhí)行:發(fā)現(xiàn)違反需要立即反應(yīng),深入調(diào)查,對員工行為進(jìn)行限制或加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管,以確保不再犯。

  不充分的做法:僅靠雇員口頭保證、簡單匯報和警告雇員。

  3.Supervision Includes Detection

 ?、賁upervisor 應(yīng)盡最大努力去監(jiān)管違反行為,制度須以書面形式呈現(xiàn),并定期復(fù)核,一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)不合適的制度,需要報告高管并且提出修正措施;

 ?、谌绻O(jiān)管者盡職盡責(zé),就算沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)員工有違反行為,也不違反;如果監(jiān)管者沒有盡職盡責(zé)做監(jiān)管,即使沒有違反行為,也違反本細(xì)則。

知識點(diǎn)考察方式

  1.發(fā)現(xiàn)違反行為,應(yīng)該采取措施,不能只是簡單的警告和匯報,應(yīng)保證員工不再犯。

  2.只要監(jiān)管者盡職盡責(zé),無論結(jié)果如何,都沒有違反。

  3.管理者應(yīng)建立完善的制度,如果制度不完善導(dǎo)致有漏洞,是管理者責(zé)任。

  以上為cfa一級知識點(diǎn)-監(jiān)管者的職責(zé)內(nèi)容的相關(guān)介紹,為助力備考路上的cfa考生取得更好的成績,會計(jì)網(wǎng)準(zhǔn)備了全套cfa學(xué)習(xí)資料,cfa備考大禮包等你拿直戳以下圖片↓↓,即可免費(fèi)領(lǐng)取,立即進(jìn)行在線學(xué)習(xí)~

cfa知識點(diǎn)資料

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文章2024年CFA二級考試安排一覽,附cfa報名要求!超詳細(xì)!
2024-01-11 17:08:45 553 瀏覽

  2024年CFA二級考試安排如下圖所示:

圖片

點(diǎn)擊咨詢,專業(yè)老師1V1指導(dǎo)

CFA二級報名要求

  報名參加CFA二級考試,需要通過CFA一級考試。

  以本科在校生身份參加CFA一級考試的考生,最早可選擇處于學(xué)士學(xué)位課程或同等項(xiàng)目畢業(yè)月份前11個月及以內(nèi)的考試窗口。例如,2025年6月畢業(yè)的四年制本科在校生,若已經(jīng)通過CFA一級考試,最早可報名大三暑假(2024年8月)的CFA二級考試。

  證件要求:和一級考試一樣,報名和參加CFA考試須持有效的國際旅行護(hù)照。對于計(jì)劃在中國內(nèi)地參加CFA考試的考生,除護(hù)照之外,也可以使用中華人民共和國居民身份證進(jìn)行考試報名。

CFA二級報名費(fèi)

  早鳥階段報名費(fèi):$940

  標(biāo)準(zhǔn)階段報名費(fèi):$1250

  其它費(fèi)用:

  首次報名注冊費(fèi):$350(僅需支付一次)

  紙質(zhì)版教材:$150(可自選)

  電子版教材費(fèi):$49(可自選)

  補(bǔ)充題庫:$299(可自選)

CFA二級考綱變動詳情

  1.考綱細(xì)則無變動的科目

  固收:原來的5個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為5個Learning Module??季V細(xì)則無變動。

  道德:原來的3個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為3個Learning Module??季V細(xì)則無變動。

  衍生:原來的2個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為2個Learning Module??季V細(xì)則無變動,僅順序有一定微調(diào)。

  經(jīng)濟(jì):原來的3個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為3個Learning Module??季V細(xì)則無變動。僅將原Reading 7 Economic growth and the investment decision的標(biāo)題變成Learning Module 2 Economic growth,考綱細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容無變動。

  另類:原來的3個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為5個Learning Module。考綱細(xì)則無變動。但新考綱Module 3 LOS a-b,將原考綱k,l中對REITS的描述改為publicly traded real estate securities。

  2.考綱細(xì)則刪除的科目

  組合:原來的7個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為7個Learning Module。

  原Reading 42 Economics and investment markets對應(yīng)的是Learning Module 5。

  ?其中刪除了一條考綱k describe how economic analysis is used in sector rotation strategies。

  權(quán)益:原來的8個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為4個Learning Module。

  ?刪除Reading 21 Return concepts收益概念和Reading 22 Industry and company analysis公司和行業(yè)分析,其余部分考綱細(xì)則不變,僅考綱順序進(jìn)行了微調(diào)。

  3.考綱細(xì)則新增的科目

  財(cái)報:原來的6個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為7個Learning Module。

  新增考綱:Financial Statement Modeling財(cái)務(wù)報表建模

  全章節(jié)新增,部分內(nèi)容與2022年權(quán)益Reading 22 Industry and company analysis行業(yè)和公司分析接近。

  新增考綱細(xì)則如下:

 ?。?)compare top-down,bottom-up,and hybrid approaches for developing inputs to equity valuation models

 ?。?)compare“growth relative to GDP growth”and“market growth and market share”approaches to forecasting revenue

 ?。?)evaluate whether economies of scale are present in an industry by analyzing operating margins and sales levels

 ?。?)demonstrate methods to forecast cost of goods sold and operating expenses

 ?。?)demonstrate methods to forecast non-operating items,financing costs,and income taxes

 ?。?)describe approaches to balance sheet modeling

 ?。?)demonstrate the development of a sales-based pro forma company model

 ?。?)explain how behavioral factors affect analyst forecasts and recommend remedial actions for analyst biases

 ?。?)explain how competitive factors affect prices and costs

 ?。?0)evaluate the competitive position of a company based on a Porter’s five forces analysis

 ?。?1)explain how to forecast industry and company sales and costs when they are subject to price inflation or deflation

 ?。?2)evaluate the effects of technological developments on demand,selling prices,costs,and margins

 ?。?3)explain considerations in the choice of an explicit forecast horizon

  (14)explain an analyst’s choices in developing projections beyond the short-term forecast horizon

  數(shù)量:原來的5個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為7個Learning Module。

  ?刪除原Reading 1 Introduction to linear regression一元線性回歸內(nèi)容下放到一級數(shù)量中的最后一個模塊。

  原Reading 2 Multiple regression多元回歸內(nèi)容拆分成4個模塊module 1-module 4。

  與原Reading 2考綱細(xì)節(jié)做比對,考綱的順序、表示和知識點(diǎn)都有較大變化,部分考綱進(jìn)行了拆分,變化結(jié)果如下:

  ?考綱刪除3條:

  (1)formulate a null and an alternative hypothesis about the population value of.a regression coefficient,calculate the value of the test statistic,and determine whether to reject the null hypothesis at a given level of significance;

 ?。?)interpret the results of hypothesis tests of regression coefficients;

 ?。?)evaluate and interpret a multiple regression model and its results.

  ??考綱新增2條:

 ?。?)describe the types of investment problems addressed by multiple linear regression and the regression process

  (2)describe influence analysis and methods of detecting influential data points

  原Reading 4對應(yīng)的是module 6。其中新增了一條考綱f describe supervised machine learning,unsupervised machine learning,and deep learning.

  公司金融:考綱變動最大的科目。原來的5個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為4個Learning Module。

  ?刪除原Reading 15 Capital Structure資本結(jié)構(gòu)章節(jié)和Reading 19 Capital Budgeting資本預(yù)算章節(jié),精簡并下放到一級。

  ??新增:Cost of Capital:Advanced Topics

  新增考綱細(xì)則如下:

  (1)explain top-down and bottom-up factors that impact the cost of capital

 ?。?)Compare methods used to estimate the cost of debt.

  (3)explain historical and forward-looking approaches to estimating an equity risk

  premium

 ?。?)compare methods used to estimate the required return on equity

  (5)estimate the cost of debt or required return on equity for a public company and a private company

 ?。?)evaluate a company’s capital structure and cost of capital relative to peers

  原Reading 18 Measures and Acquisitions兼并收購章節(jié)調(diào)整為Learnings Module 4 Corporate Restructurings企業(yè)重組,章節(jié)內(nèi)容完全重寫,新增內(nèi)容為各種公司重組事件、他們的分析和納入財(cái)務(wù)模型的預(yù)測和估值。

  企業(yè)重組模塊考綱細(xì)則如下:

 ?。?)explain types of corporate restructurings and issuers’motivations for pursuing them

  (2)explain the initial evaluation of a corporate restructuring

 ?。?)demonstrate valuation methods for,and interpret valuations of,companies involved in corporate restructurings

  (4)demonstrate how corporate restructurings affect an issuer’s EPS,net debt to EBITDA ratio,and weighted average cost of capital

 ?。?)evaluate corporate investment actions,including equity investments,joint ventures,and acquisitions

 ?。?)evaluate corporate divestment actions,including sales and spin offsevaluate cost and balance sheet restructurings

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文章2023年CFA二級考綱出爐,這些科目變化大要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注!
2022-08-25 17:25:28 879 瀏覽

  2023年CFA二級考試大綱已經(jīng)發(fā)布出來了,各科目考試權(quán)重和去年一致,雖然有新增部分,但也有部分考綱被刪除,整體難度并沒有增加,所以大家也不用恐慌。我們來看看吧。

2023年CFA二級考綱出爐

CFA二級考綱變動說明

  1. 各科目考試權(quán)重和去年一致,沒有發(fā)生變化

2023年CFA二級考綱出爐

  2. 取消了之前Reading的概念,改為了現(xiàn)在的module,從而更好地與官網(wǎng)學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)契合。

CFA二級考綱變動詳情

  1. 考綱細(xì)則無變動的科目

  固收:原來的5個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為5個Learning Module??季V細(xì)則無變動。

  道德:原來的3個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為3個Learning Module。考綱細(xì)則無變動。

  衍生:原來的2個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為2個Learning Module??季V細(xì)則無變動,僅順序有一定微調(diào)。

  經(jīng)濟(jì):原來的3個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為3個Learning Module。考綱細(xì)則無變動。僅將原Reading 7 Economic growth and the investment decision的標(biāo)題變成Learning Module 2 Economic growth,考綱細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容無變動。

  另類:原來的3個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為5個Learning Module??季V細(xì)則無變動。但新考綱Module 3 LOS a-b,將原考綱k, l中對REITS的描述改為publicly traded real estate securities。

  2. 考綱細(xì)則刪除的科目

  組合:原來的7個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為7個Learning Module。

  原Reading 42 Economics and investment markets對應(yīng)的是Learning Module 5。

  其中刪除了一條考綱k describe how economic analysis is used in sector rotation strategies。

  權(quán)益:原來的8個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為4個Learning Module。

  刪除Reading 21 Return concepts收益概念和Reading 22 Industry and company analysis公司和行業(yè)分析,其余部分考綱細(xì)則不變,僅考綱順序進(jìn)行了微調(diào)。

  3. 考綱細(xì)則新增的科目

  財(cái)報:原來的6個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為7個Learning Module。

  新增考綱:Financial Statement Modeling財(cái)務(wù)報表建模

  全章節(jié)新增,部分內(nèi)容與2022年權(quán)益Reading 22 Industry and company analysis行業(yè)和公司分析接近。

  新增考綱細(xì)則如下:

  (1)compare top-down, bottom-up, and hybrid approaches for developing inputs to equity valuation models

  (2)compare “growth relative to GDP growth” and “market growth and market share” approaches to forecasting revenue

  (3)evaluate whether economies of scale are present in an industry by analyzing operating margins and sales levels

  (4)demonstrate methods to forecast cost of goods sold and operating expenses

  (5)demonstrate methods to forecast non-operating items, financing costs, and income taxes

  (6)describe approaches to balance sheet modeling

  (7)demonstrate the development of a sales-based pro forma company model

  (8)explain how behavioral factors affect analyst forecasts and recommend remedial actions for analyst biases

  (9)explain how competitive factors affect prices and costs

  (10)evaluate the competitive position of a company based on a Porter’s five forces analysis

  (11)explain how to forecast industry and company sales and costs when they are subject to price inflation or deflation

  (12)evaluate the effects of technological developments on demand, selling prices, costs, and margins

  (13)explain considerations in the choice of an explicit forecast horizon

  (14)explain an analyst’s choices in developing projections beyond the short-term forecast horizon

  數(shù)量:原來的5個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為7個Learning Module。

  刪除原Reading 1 Introduction to linear regression一元線性回歸內(nèi)容下放到一級數(shù)量中的最后一個模塊。

  原Reading 2 Multiple regression多元回歸內(nèi)容拆分成4個模塊module 1-module 4。

  與原Reading 2考綱細(xì)節(jié)做比對,考綱的順序、表示和知識點(diǎn)都有較大變化,部分考綱進(jìn)行了拆分,變化結(jié)果如下:

  考綱刪除3條:

  (1)formulate a null and an alternative hypothesis about the population value of. a regression coefficient, calculate the value of the test statistic, and determine whether to reject the null hypothesis at a given level of significance;

  (2)interpret the results of hypothesis tests of regression coefficients;

  (3)evaluate and interpret a multiple regression model and its results.

  考綱新增2條:

  (1)describe the types of investment problems addressed by multiple linear regression and the regression process

  (2)describe influence analysis and methods of detecting influential data points

  原Reading 4對應(yīng)的是module 6。其中新增了一條考綱f describe supervised machine learning, unsupervised machine learning, and deep learning.

  公司金融:考綱變動最大的科目。原來的5個Reading現(xiàn)調(diào)整為4個Learning Module。

  刪除原Reading 15 Capital Structure資本結(jié)構(gòu)章節(jié)和Reading 19 Capital Budgeting資本預(yù)算章節(jié),精簡并下放到一級。

  新增:Cost of Capital: Advanced Topics

  新增考綱細(xì)則如下:

  (1)explain top-down and bottom-up factors that impact the cost of capital

  (2)Compare methods used to estimate the cost of debt.

  (3)explain historical and forward-looking approaches to estimating an equity risk

  premium

  (4)compare methods used to estimate the required return on equity

  (5)estimate the cost of debt or required return on equity for a public company and a private company

  (6)evaluate a company’s capital structure and cost of capital relative to peers

  原Reading 18 Measures and Acquisitions兼并收購章節(jié)調(diào)整為Learnings Module 4 Corporate Restructurings企業(yè)重組,章節(jié)內(nèi)容完全重寫,新增內(nèi)容為各種公司重組事件、他們的分析和納入財(cái)務(wù)模型的預(yù)測和估值。

  企業(yè)重組模塊考綱細(xì)則如下:

  (1)explain types of corporate restructurings and issuers’ motivations for pursuing them

  (2)explain the initial evaluation of a corporate restructuring

  (3)demonstrate valuation methods for, and interpret valuations of, companies involved in corporate restructurings

  (4)demonstrate how corporate restructurings affect an issuer’s EPS, net debt to EBITDA ratio, and weighted average cost of capital

  (5)evaluate corporate investment actions, including equity investments, joint ventures, and acquisitions

  (6)evaluate corporate divestment actions, including sales and spin offsevaluate cost and balance sheet restructurings

CFA二級考綱變動總結(jié)

  雖然CFA二級考綱中有新增的部分,但也有部分考綱被刪除,整體難度并沒有增加,所以大家也不用恐慌。

  對于備考新手來說,無需太過關(guān)注之前的考綱,只需要按照新考綱去備考即可。

  對于“二戰(zhàn)”考生來說,則需要關(guān)注一下組合和權(quán)益科目中刪除的考綱,避免增加學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)。此外需要特別注意:財(cái)報、數(shù)量和公金科目,尤其是變動幅度最大的公金。

  本文由高頓金融分析師原創(chuàng)編輯,作者:向俊。

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